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'''Defending Democracy in Exile: Policy Responses to Transnational Repression''', report by Freedom House
== Videos ==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FkPCec7jG5I Digital Transnational Repression Explained], by Citizen Lab
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8YcHajYQLSw Digital Transnational Repression Explained: Activists], by Citizen Lab
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N72UV-aD9r4 Gender-based Digital Transnational Repression Explained], by Citizen Lab
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D4EjMq5FK4 Responding to Transnational Repression] - recorded panel discussion from Dec 2021
* [https://www.orionpolicy.org/orionforum/111/transnational-repression-the-long-arm-of-authoritarianism Transnational Repression: The Long Arm of Authoritarianism] (parts 1 and 2) - recorded panel discussion from Sept/Oct 2022.
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86Q_9IUosCE&t=71s Defending Democracy in Exile: Policy Responses to Transnational Repression] by Freedom House


Freedom House is engaged in a multiyear study of transnational repression. Its latest report, Defending Democracy in Exile, published in June 2022, examines what is being done to protect exiles and diaspora members who are being intimidated and attacked by the governments from which they fled. The report assesses the responses mounted by host governments, international organizations, and technology companies. It builds on the findings of Out of Sight, Not Out of Reach: The Global Scale and Scope of Transnational Repression—the first global study of this dangerous practice, which Freedom House released in February 2021.
== Reports ==


* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=86Q_9IUosCE&t=71s [video]
=== Research Database on Transnational Repression (TNR) ===
* https://freedomhouse.org/report/transnational-repression [overview and report]
https://tnr-research.uwazi.io/en/  


This collection of research reports can help human rights defenders better understand:


'''Silencing Across Borders: Transnational Repression and Digital Threats Against Exiled Activists''', report by Marcus Michaelsen
* Which TNR threats are likely or possible based on the existing evidence, to determine appropriate mitigation techniques
* Which TNR threats are unlikely, in order to alleviate fear
* What exiled HRDs can expect from a host country in terms of protection measures
* Existing campaigns to strengthen protection for exiled HRDs


Marcus Michaelsen’s report examines the online efforts of authoritarian regimes to intimidate activists living abroad. Hivos is proud to have acted as a host organization for the one-year research project leading to the publication of this report. What tools actually exist in these new digital “toolkits” of transnational repression? And how successful are they in disrupting cross-border information flows? Using the online efforts of Syria and Iran as examples, Marcus Michaelsen set out to find answers.
This database was developed and curated by the Center for Victims of Torture. To contribute to this research, email research@freedomhouse.org


https://hivos.org/the-silencing-effect-of-digital-transnational-repression/ [overview and report]
Reports in this database include:


* Defending Democracy in Exile: Policy Responses to Transnational Repression, report by Freedom House
* Silencing Across Borders: Transnational Repression and Digital Threats Against Exiled Activists, report by Marcus Michaelsen
* Psychological and Emotional War: Digital Transnational Repression in Canada, report by Citizen Lab
* Going after the family: Transnational repression and the proxy punishment of Middle Eastern diasporas, article co-authored with Dana M. Moss & Gillian Kennedy.


'''Psychological and Emotional War: Digital Transnational Repression in Canada''', report by Citizen Lab
== Books ==


In this report, we describe how Canadian activists and dissidents living in exile in Canada are impacted by digital transnational repression. We conclude that digital transnational repression has a serious impact on these communities, including their ability to undertake transnational advocacy work related to human rights.


https://citizenlab.ca/2022/03/psychological-emotional-war-digital-transnational-repression-canada/ [video, overview and report]
'''The Arab Spring Abroad: Diaspora Activism against Authoritarian Regimes''', book by Dana Moss. You can download this book for free here: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/arab-spring-abroad/D7EC15ED46D37A2DB8CDDB83F06CC591#overview


== TNR threat categories ==


'''Responding to Transnational Repression''' [video] - recorded panel discussion from Dec 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3D4EjMq5FK4
* Unlawful deportation, extradition, rendition, Interpol abuse, legal cases
** Examples: trial in absentia, initiate a criminal case in order to carry out deportation or extradition
*Physical intimidation, assault, etc
* Coercion by proxy / Threats against in-country relatives
** Examples: Opponent may harass, threaten, prosecute, and imprison family or colleagues
*Account and device hacking
** Examples: Opponents hack social media or email accounts
* Monitoring and surveillance
** Examples: Tracking and identifying HRDs, monitor family members’ conversations so they can access communications, infiltration of network through informants,  surveil/monitor communication to ascertain location and activities
* Slander, harassment, disinformation campaigns
** Examples: Smear campaigns, hate speech and harassment in social media


== TNR mitigation techniques ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Threat category
!Mitigation techniques
!Resources and research
|-
|Unlawful deportation, extradition, rendition, Interpol abuse, legal cases
|
|
|-
|Physical intimidation, assault, etc
|Personal safety awareness (see Umbrella app)
|
|-
|Coercion by proxy / Threats against in-country relatives
|
|[https://tnr-research.uwazi.io/en/entity/s0hrhs72n7n Going after the family: Transnational repression and the proxy punishment of Middle Eastern diasporas] (Moss, Michaelsen, Kennedy (2022))
|-
|Account and device hacking
|
* [[Protect your accounts using strong passwords, pw managers, 2fa|Use two factor authentication for all accounts]]
* [[Protect your accounts using strong passwords, pw managers, 2fa|Use unique, complex passwords for all accounts]]
* [[Protect your accounts using strong passwords, pw managers, 2fa|Use a password manager to create, store and protect those passwords]]
* [[Protect your website|Protect your website from DDOS attacks]]
* [[Trusted hosting companies in the human rights community|Use a host company that you trust]]
|
|-
|Monitoring and surveillance
|
* [[Safe internet browsing using VPN and Tor browser|Use a VPN and/or Tor browser]]
* [[Use a secure messaging app]]
* [[How to collect and store information in a secure way]]


'''Going after the family: Transnational repression and the proxy punishment of Middle Eastern diasporas''', article co-authored with Dana M. Moss & Gillian Kennedy. Available here (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/glob.12372) via institutions or for purchase
* [[Protect your accounts using strong passwords, pw managers, 2fa#Be aware of spear phishing attacks|Protect yourselves against (spear) phishing attacks]]
 
* Use a second device for sensitive activities
 
* [[How to mitigate your risk of being subject to Pegasus surveillance|Restart your device regularly to disrupt spyware]]
'''The Arab Spring Abroad: Diaspora Activism against Authoritarian Regimes''', book by Dana Moss. You can download this book for free here: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/arab-spring-abroad/D7EC15ED46D37A2DB8CDDB83F06CC591#overview
* [[Secure your devices|Use anti virus]]
 
* [[How to mitigate your risk of being subject to Pegasus surveillance]], and other spyware
 
|
'''Transnational Repression: The Long Arm of Authoritarianism''' (parts 1 and 2) - recorded panel discussion from Sept/Oct 2022. Watch the videos here https://www.orionpolicy.org/orionforum/111/transnational-repression-the-long-arm-of-authoritarianism
|-
 
|Slander, harassment, disinformation campaigns
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SgdDKLfOues" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
|[[How to deal with online harassment and threats]]
 
|
 
|}
'''Resisting Digital Authoritarianism''' - a recorded panel discussion from the Resistance Bureau. This show will therefore bring together thought leaders, digital activists, and those who have been spied on themselves to discuss these threats to freedom and how they can be effectively countered. What can be done to push back against the expansion of digital surveillance? And how can we protect citizens’ basic human rights from governments that are clearly determined to hack into their lives and monitor their every move? 
 
Watch the video here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xg3CQXEe7K0

Latest revision as of 20:45, 17 December 2024

Videos

Reports

Research Database on Transnational Repression (TNR)

https://tnr-research.uwazi.io/en/

This collection of research reports can help human rights defenders better understand:

  • Which TNR threats are likely or possible based on the existing evidence, to determine appropriate mitigation techniques
  • Which TNR threats are unlikely, in order to alleviate fear
  • What exiled HRDs can expect from a host country in terms of protection measures
  • Existing campaigns to strengthen protection for exiled HRDs

This database was developed and curated by the Center for Victims of Torture. To contribute to this research, email [email protected]

Reports in this database include:

  • Defending Democracy in Exile: Policy Responses to Transnational Repression, report by Freedom House
  • Silencing Across Borders: Transnational Repression and Digital Threats Against Exiled Activists, report by Marcus Michaelsen
  • Psychological and Emotional War: Digital Transnational Repression in Canada, report by Citizen Lab
  • Going after the family: Transnational repression and the proxy punishment of Middle Eastern diasporas, article co-authored with Dana M. Moss & Gillian Kennedy.

Books

The Arab Spring Abroad: Diaspora Activism against Authoritarian Regimes, book by Dana Moss. You can download this book for free here: https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/arab-spring-abroad/D7EC15ED46D37A2DB8CDDB83F06CC591#overview

TNR threat categories

  • Unlawful deportation, extradition, rendition, Interpol abuse, legal cases
    • Examples: trial in absentia, initiate a criminal case in order to carry out deportation or extradition
  • Physical intimidation, assault, etc
  • Coercion by proxy / Threats against in-country relatives
    • Examples: Opponent may harass, threaten, prosecute, and imprison family or colleagues
  • Account and device hacking
    • Examples: Opponents hack social media or email accounts
  • Monitoring and surveillance
    • Examples: Tracking and identifying HRDs, monitor family members’ conversations so they can access communications, infiltration of network through informants, surveil/monitor communication to ascertain location and activities
  • Slander, harassment, disinformation campaigns
    • Examples: Smear campaigns, hate speech and harassment in social media

TNR mitigation techniques

Threat category Mitigation techniques Resources and research
Unlawful deportation, extradition, rendition, Interpol abuse, legal cases
Physical intimidation, assault, etc Personal safety awareness (see Umbrella app)
Coercion by proxy / Threats against in-country relatives Going after the family: Transnational repression and the proxy punishment of Middle Eastern diasporas (Moss, Michaelsen, Kennedy (2022))
Account and device hacking
Monitoring and surveillance
Slander, harassment, disinformation campaigns How to deal with online harassment and threats
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